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Category: Biosynthesis of cofactors
2.6. Additional metabolic pathways
2.6.2. Biosynthesis of cofactors
2.6.2.1. Biosynthesis/ acquisition of biotin
| Name | Function |
| bioA | biosynthesis of biotin |
| bioB | biosynthesis of biotin |
| bioD | biosynthesis of biotin |
| bioF | biosynthesis of biotin |
| bioI | biosynthesis of biotin |
| bioW | biosynthesis of biotin |
| birA | regulation of biotin synthesis, addition of biotin to proteins |
| yhfU | uptake of biotin |
2.6.2.2. Biosynthesis/ acquisition of riboflavin/ FAD
| Name | Function |
| ribA | riboflavin biosynthesis |
| ribC | FAD biosynthesis |
| ribD | riboflavin biosynthesis |
| ribE | riboflavin biosynthesis |
| ribH | riboflavin biosynthesis |
| ribU | riboflavin uptake |
| ycsE | dephosphorylation of the riboflavin precursor, 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione 5'-phosphate |
| yitU | dephosphorylation of the riboflavin precursor, 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione 5'-phosphate (minor activity) |
| ywtE | dephosphorylation of the riboflavin precursor, 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione 5'-phosphate (minor activity) |
2.6.2.3. Biosynthesis/ acquisition of thiamine
| Name | Function |
| dxs | biosynthesis of thiamine, MEP pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis |
| tenA | thiamine salvage |
| tenI | biosynthesis of thiamine |
| thiC | biosynthesis of thiamine |
| thiD | biosynthesis of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) |
| thiE | biosynthesis of thiamine by 4-methyl-5-(beta-hydroxyethyl)thiazole phosphate to yield thiamine phosphate |
| thiF | biosynthesis of thiamine |
| thiG | biosynthesis of thiamine |
| thiL | biosynthesis of thiamine |
| thiM | biosynthesis of thiamine |
| thiO | biosynthesis of thiamine |
| thiS | biosynthesis of thiamine |
| thiT | thiamine uptake |
| thiU | thiamine uptake |
| thiV | thiamine uptake |
| thiW | thiamine uptake |
| thiX | thiamine uptake |
| ylmB | thiamine salvage |
| yloS | thiamine salvage |
2.6.2.4. Biosynthesis of coenzyme A
| Name | Function |
| coaA | biosynthesis of coenzyme A |
| coaX | biosynthesis of coenzyme A |
| panB | biosynthesis of coenzyme A |
| panC | biosynthesis of coenzyme A |
| panD | biosynthesis of coenzyme A |
| ylbQ | biosynthesis of coenzyme A |
| yloI | biosynthesis of coenzyme A |
| ytaG | synthesis of coenzyme A |
2.6.2.5. Biosynthesis of folate
| Name | Function |
| dfrA | biosynthesis of folate |
| folB | biosynthesis of folate |
| folC | biosynthesis of folate |
| folE | biosynthesis of folate and queuosine |
| folEB | biosynthesis of folate and queuosine |
| folK | biosynthesis of folate |
| pabA | biosynthesis of folate and tryptophan |
| pabB | biosynthesis of folate |
| pabC | biosynthesis of folate |
| sul | biosynthesis of folate |
2.6.2.6. Biosynthesis of heme/ siroheme
| Name | Function |
| ctaA | heme biosynthesis |
| ctaB | heme biosynthesis |
| ctaO | heme biosynthesis |
| gsaB | biosynthesis of heme, modification of [protein|3054CD45713BBD69C2A528DE24AF6AF37175FD9D|Efp] |
| hemA | porphyrin biosynthesis |
| hemB | heme biosynthesis |
| hemC | heme biosynthesis |
| hemD | heme biosynthesis |
| hemE | heme biosynthesis |
| hemH | biosynthesis of heme |
| hemL | heme biosynthesis |
| hemN | heme biosynthesis |
| hemQ | biosynthesis of heme |
| hemX | heme biosynthesis |
| hemY | biosynthesis of heme |
| hemZ | heme biosynthesis |
| sirB | siroheme biosynthesis, sulfite reduction |
| ylnD | siroheme biosynthesis , sulfite reduction |
| ylnF | siroheme biosynthesis , sulfite reduction |
Reviews
2.6.2.7. Biosynthesis and scavenging of lipoic acid
| Name | Function |
| gcvH | glycine utilization |
| lipA | synthesis of lipoic acid |
| lipL | lipoic acid metabolism |
| lipM | biosynthesis of lipoic acid |
| lplJ | scavenging of lipoic acid |
2.6.2.8. Biosynthesis of menaquinone
| Name | Function |
| hepS | menaquinone biosynthesis |
| hepT | menaquinone biosynthesis |
| menA | biosynthesis of menaquinone |
| menB | biosynthesis of menaquinone |
| menC | biosynthesis of menaquinone |
| menD | biosynthesis of menaquinone |
| menE | biosynthesis of menaquinone |
| menF | biosynthesis of menaquinone |
| menH | biosynthesis of menaquinone |
2.6.2.9. Biosynthesis of menaquinone/ based on similarity
| Name | Function |
| ytxM | ubiquinone and menaquinone biosynthesis |
2.6.2.10. Biosynthesis of molybdopterin
| Name | Function |
| moaA | nitrate respiration |
| moaB | nitrate respiration |
| moaD | nitrate respiration |
| moaE | nitrate respiration |
| mobA | nitrate respiration |
| mobB | nitrate respiration |
| moeA | nitrate respiration |
| moeB | nitrate respiration |
| ydiG | unknown |
2.6.2.11. Biosynthesis of NAD(P)
| Name | Function |
| nadA | NAD biosynthesis |
| nadB | NAD biosynthesis |
| nadC | NAD biosynthesis |
| nadD | NAD biosynthesis |
| nadE | NAD biosynthesis |
| nadF | generation of NADP from NAD |
| nadR | regulation of NAD biosynthesis |
| niaP | uptake of niacin |
| nifS | NAD biosynthesis |
| pncA | NAD salvage |
| pncB | NAD salvage |
| ytdI | generation of NADP from NAD |
2.6.2.12. Biosynthesis of pyridoxal phosphate
| Name | Function |
| pdxK | biosynthesis of pyridoxal phosphate |
| pdxS | pyridoxal-5-phosphate biosynthesis |
| pdxT | pyridoxal-5-phosphate biosynthesis |
2.6.2.13. Biosynthesis/ acquisition of cobalamine (B12))
important original publications
important reviews